In today's rapidly evolving global landscape, scientific and technological learning has here emerged as a cornerstone for fostering the next generation of innovators. By providing students with a strong foundation in the principles of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, we empower them to think creatively and become agents of positiv

Semiconductors play a vital role in modern electronics due to their ability to manipulate the flow of electricity under specific conditions. They can be broadly classified into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Intrinsic semiconductors, such as pure silicon or germanium, possess limited conductivity because their valence band